Hearing in Noise Test Brazil: standardization for young adults with normal hearing

IntroductionIndividuals with the same ability of speech recognition in quiet can have extremely different results in noisy environments.ObjectiveTo standardize speech perception in adults with normal hearing in the free field using the Brazilian Hearing in Noise Test.MethodsContemporary, cross-sectional cohort study. 79 adults with normal hearing and without cognitive impairment participated in the study. Lists of Hearing in Noise Test sentences were randomly in quiet, noise front, noise right, and noise left.ResultsThere were no significant differences between right and left ears at all frequencies tested (paired t − 1 test). Nor were significant differences observed when comparing gender and interaction between these conditions. A difference was observed among the free field positions tested, except in the situations of noise right and noise left.ConclusionResults of speech perception in adults with normal hearing in the free field during different listening situations in noise indicated poorer performance during the condition with noise and speech in front, i.e., 0°/0°. The values found in the standardization of the Hearing in Noise Test free field can be used as a reference in the development of protocols for tests of speech perception in noise, and for monitoring individuals with hearing impairment.     

Cerebellar artery infarction with sudden hearing loss and vertigo as initial symptoms: A case report

BACKGROUNDSudden hearing loss (SHL) is associated with serious systematic conditions such as neoplasms, vascular events, autoimmune diseases, infections, and iatrogenic injury. Some authors report that SHL can be an early warning sign of impending vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke. It is important to distinguish stroke from benign disease. CASE SUMMARYA 48-year-old male patient presented with SHL and vertigo as first symptoms. Diffusion-weighted imaging revealed high signal intensity in the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery territory of the cerebellar hemisphere and high signal intensity in the right pons and bridge cerebellar arm, confirming that the patient had cerebral infarction. Treatment with antiplatelet drugs, steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, and neurotrophic nerve therapy promoted blood circulation and removed blood stasis, and the symptoms of the patient were significantly improved. CONCLUSIONSHL and vertigo could be the initial symptoms of vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke.     

症状前期进行性肌营养不良患儿24例病例系列报告

背景：进行性肌营养不良（PMD）中Duchenne型肌营养不良(DMD)和Becker型肌营养不良(BMD)的临床表现、治疗和预后差异明显，目前国内外对症状前期PMD患儿的诊断尚无共识。 目的：探讨婴幼儿时期症状前期PMD患儿的临床特征和实验室检查特点，并探讨血清肌酶水平在DMD和BMD分型诊断中的价值。 设计：病例系列报告。 方法：收集2016年1月至2020年7月江西省儿童医院确诊的症状前期PMD患儿，分析临床特征和实验室检查特点，并以基因检测结果为诊断标准分为DMD组和BMD组，血清肌酶通过ROC曲线分析以约登指数最大值时的取值作为诊断界值，比较不同肌酶的诊断准确性。 主要结局指标：PMD患儿的临床表现、基因结果、血清酶水平（AST、ALT、LTH、CK、CK-MB）。 结果：24例PMD患儿纳入分析，其中DMD组18例，BMD组6例。22例（91.7%）因发现转氨酶升高就诊，2例（8.3%）因亲戚确诊前来就医。PMD患儿CK-MB、CK、LDH、AST和ALT水平均明显升高，DMD组均高于BMD组（除AST外，P均<0.05）。当ALT>224.5 U·L-1、CK>11 069 IU·L-1、CK-Mb>204 IU·L-1、LDH>1 349.5 IU·L-1时为DMD的可能性更高，尤其是LDH>1 349.5 IU·L-1具有高度特异性。 结论：血清肌酶水平增高为 PMD 患儿症状前期的主要表现。LDH＞1 349.5 IU·L-1对诊断DMD具有高度特异性。     

持续性特发性耳鸣严重程度的相关因素分析

目的 探讨导致持续性特发性耳鸣严重程度的相关因素。 方法 分析870例持续性特发性主观性耳鸣患者的一般资料、病史、听力学结果、耳鸣匹配实验、耳鸣残疾量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表和焦虑自评量表,应用多因素Logistic回归分析研究与患者耳鸣严重程度相关的因素。 结果 (1)性别(P<0.001)、年龄(P=0.010)、耳鸣主调声频率(P=0.005)、听力损失(P=0.037)、焦虑程度(P<0.001)、睡眠状况(P<0.001)在THI分级上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)病程(P=0.053)、侧别(P=0.437)、主调声响度(P=0.120)在THI分级上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 女性患者特发性耳鸣的程度较男性更为严重;低频较高频更扰人;焦虑程度和睡眠状况是影响耳鸣严重程度的因素,而病程、侧别、耳鸣主调声响度不是影响患者特发性耳鸣严重程度的因素。     

不同内固定治疗锁骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效

目的针对锁骨远端粉碎性骨折患者采用不同的内固定治疗方案进行临床治疗,分析其临床治疗效果。方法选取本院2016年8月—2018年7月收治的锁骨远端粉碎性骨折患者40例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分成两组,试验组20例,对照组20例。试验组患者采用锁骨远端锁定钢板内固定治疗方案,对照组患者采用锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗方案,对比两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、愈合时间、并发症发生情况。结果研究结果表明,试验组患者的手术时间和术中出血量对比对照组差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组患者的愈合时间短于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组,对比差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于锁骨远端粉碎性骨折患者的治疗,采用锁骨远端锁定钢板内固定治疗方案能够有效缩短愈合时间,降低并发症发生率,促进患者快速恢复。     

Safety and Efficacy of Paclitaxel-Eluting Balloon Angioplasty for Dysfunctional Hemodialysis Access: A randomized trial Comparing with Angioplasty Alone

PurposeTo assess whether angioplasty of hemodialysis access (HA) stenosis with a drug-coated balloon (DCB) would prevent restenosis in comparison with plain-balloon percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).Materials and MethodsThis prospective randomized clinical trial enrolled 120 patients with dysfunctional arteriovenous fistulae (n = 109) and grafts (n = 11), due to a ≥50% stenosis between March 2014 and April 2018. All patients underwent high-pressure balloon angioplasty and were then randomized to either DCB (n = 60) or PTA (n = 60). Patients were followed-up for 1 year, and angiography was performed 6 months after angioplasty. The primary endpoint was the late lumen loss (LLL) at 6 months. Secondary endpoints included other angiographic parameters at 6 months and HA failures, adverse event, and mortality at 12 months. Continuous variables were compared with a Student t-test, and Kaplan-Meier curves were used for freedom from HA failure and for mortality.ResultsLLL in the DCB and in the PTA group were 0.64 mm ± 1.20 and 1.13 mm ± 1.51, respectively (P = .082, adjusted P = .0498). DCB was associated with lower percentage stenosis (54.2% ± 19.3 vs 61.7% ± 18.2; P = .047) and binary restenosis ≥50% (56.5% vs 81.1%; P = .009) than PTA. The number of HA failures after 12 months was lower for DCB than for PTA (45% vs 66.7%; P = .017). Mortality at 12 months was 10% and 8.3% in the DCB and PTA groups, respectively (P = .75).ConclusionsDespite LLL improvement that failed to reach statistical significance, this study demonstrated decreased incidence and severity of restenosis with DCB compared with PTA to treat dysfunctional HA.